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1
Choose the most appropriate option to replace the underlined phrase in the sentence: 'You cannot forbid him leaving.'
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Solution: Step 1: Analyze the verb 'forbid'. Step 2: Recall the common grammatical patterns used with 'forbid'. The two primary structures are 'forbid + object + to-infinitive' (e.g., 'forbid him to leave') or 'forbid + gerund' (e.g., 'forbid leaving'). Step 3: The original sentence 'forbid him leaving' uses an object pronoun followed by a gerund, which is not a standard or preferred pattern for 'forbid' when an object is present. Step 4: Among the options, 'him to leave' correctly follows the 'forbid + object + to-infinitive' structure. Step 5: Therefore, 'him to leave' is the correct improvement.
2
Select the most suitable option to replace the underlined part in the sentence: 'I hope you won't object to me watching while you work.'
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Solution: Step 1: Identify the verb phrase 'object to'. The word 'to' here functions as a preposition, not part of an infinitive. Step 2: Recall the rule that when a preposition is followed by a verb, the verb must be in its gerund (-ing) form. 'Watching' is correctly in the gerund form. Step 3: When a gerund has a subject (in this case, 'me' as the one watching), the subject should generally be in the possessive case (e.g., *my* watching, *his* leaving) when it functions as the object of a preposition. Step 4: The original 'me watching' uses an object pronoun, which is grammatically incorrect before a gerund functioning as the object of a preposition. Step 5: The possessive form of 'me' is 'my'. Step 6: Therefore, 'to my watching' is the correct grammatical construction.
3
Correct the verb form in the underlined phrase: 'We look forward to hear from you.'
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Solution: Step 1: Identify the fixed expression 'look forward to'. Step 2: Recognize that in this idiom, 'to' functions as a preposition, not as part of an infinitive (like 'to hear'). Step 3: A fundamental rule of English grammar is that a verb following a preposition must be in its gerund (-ing) form. Step 4: The original sentence incorrectly uses the bare infinitive 'hear' after the preposition 'to'. Step 5: The correct gerund form of 'hear' is 'hearing'. Step 6: Therefore, 'hearing' is the correct improvement.
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