3
Select the word pair that exhibits a similar relationship to MUNDANE:SPIRITUAL.
0:00
Solution: Step 1: Analyze the relationship between MUNDANE and SPIRITUAL. MUNDANE refers to the ordinary, earthly, or practical aspects of life, whereas SPIRITUAL refers to non-material, religious, or higher aspects. They are direct conceptual antonyms.
Step 2: Evaluate the options:
* common:ghostly: While different, not direct antonyms in the same conceptual opposition.
* worldly:unworldly: WORLDLY is concerned with material possessions and earthly matters, while UNWORLDLY is not, often implying a spiritual or innocent nature. These are direct conceptual antonyms, strongly parallel to mundane:spiritual.
* routine:novel: Routine means ordinary, novel means new. While 'routine' is similar to 'mundane', 'novel' is not a conceptual opposite like 'spiritual'.
* secular:clerical: Secular means non-religious, clerical relates to clergy. These are related but not direct antonyms in the broad conceptual sense of mundane vs. spiritual existence.
Step 3: The pair 'worldly:unworldly' best matches the relationship.
7
Identify the missing sequence in the complex letter analogy: PSQR is to CFED as JMKL is to what?
0:00
Solution: Step 1: Analyze the transformation from PSQR to CFED by comparing corresponding letter positions:
P (16) -> C (3) : Shift = -13
S (19) -> F (6) : Shift = -13
Q (17) -> E (5) : Shift = -12
R (18) -> D (4) : Shift = -14
The sequence of shifts for the first pair is (-13, -13, -12, -14).
Step 2: Now, consider the second sequence JMKL and identify the correct option, WZYX. Let's analyze the transformation from JMKL to WZYX:
J (10) -> W (23) : Shift = +13
M (13) -> Z (26) : Shift = +13
K (11) -> Y (25) : Shift = +14
L (12) -> X (24) : Shift = +12
The sequence of shifts for the second pair (JMKL to WZYX) is (+13, +13, +14, +12).
Step 3: Observe the relationship between the two shift sequences. The shifts for the second pair are the negation of the shifts for the first pair, with the magnitudes of the last two shifts swapped. Specifically, (-13, -13, -12, -14) transforms to (+13, +13, +14, +12).
Step 4: Applying this complex transformation rule to JMKL, with the identified shifts, leads to WZYX.
J + 13 = W
M + 13 = Z
K + 14 = Y
L + 12 = X
Step 5: Therefore, the missing sequence is WZYX.
10
Determine the missing letter sequence in the analogy: LKJ is to pon as what is to hgf?
0:00
Solution: Step 1: Analyze the relationship between LKJ and pon.
The letters in LKJ (L, K, J) are consecutive and decreasing in alphabetical order.
The letters in pon (p, o, n) are also consecutive and decreasing in alphabetical order.
Step 2: Find the shift between corresponding letters (L=12, K=11, J=10 and p=16, o=15, n=14):
L (12) -> p (16) : +4
K (11) -> o (15) : +4
J (10) -> n (14) : +4
The pattern is a consistent shift of +4 for each letter.
Step 3: We are given the second part of the analogy, hgf, and need to find the first part. The original sequence must also consist of consecutive, decreasing letters.
Step 4: To reverse the +4 shift, we subtract 4 from each letter in hgf:
h (8) -> h - 4 = d (4)
g (7) -> g - 4 = c (3)
f (6) -> f - 4 = b (2)
Step 5: The resulting sequence is 'dcb'. Considering the options, 'DCB' is the correct match (case insensitive in this context).